ANALISIS PERAMBAHAN KAWASAN KONSERVASI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG LEUSER DENGAN PENDEKATAN DRIVERS-PRESSURES-STATE-IMPACT-RESPONSES (DPSIR)

Studi Kasus: Gampong Pucuk Lembang Kecamatan Kluet Timur Kabupaten Aceh Selatan

Abstract

Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) is an important conservation area in Aceh with high biodiversity, but it is currently under pressure due to forest encroachment for agricultural and plantation development. One of the affected areas is Gampong Pucuk Lembang, Kluet Timur Subdistrict, South Aceh Regency. This study analyzes the driving factors, impacts, and responses to forest encroachment using the DPSIR (Driving Forces–Pressures–State–Impacts–Responses) framework. A descriptive qualitative method was employed through observations, interviews, and questionnaires involving 76 respondents. The results show that encroachment is driven by economic needs, limited productive land, and the lack of alternative livelihoods. The impacts include reduced forest cover and increased risks of flooding and landslides. Response efforts such as forest patrols, environmental education, and community economic empowerment have been implemented but remain suboptimal. This study concludes that reducing forest encroachment in GLNP requires improving community welfare and raising awareness of environmental conservation. In addition, more sustainable livelihood alternatives and stricter law enforcement are necessary to address encroachment effectively. The findings are expected to provide a foundation for developing more sustainable conservation area management policies that balance environmental preservation and community well-being.