ANALISIS DAMPAK KEBAKARAN HUTAN TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DI TAHURA POCUT MEURAH INTAN ACEH

Abstract

Forests are a valuable resource for living creatures. Forest disturbances are increasing, one of which is caused by fires. Forest fires impact the chemical properties of soil. The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the impact of forest fires on the chemical properties of soil in Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan Aceh, so that when forest and land rehabilitation is carried out it will be easier to manage them.Testing of soil samples is carried out in the laboratory, then data analysis is carried out referring to the established criteria for assessing soil chemical properties. The parameters observed were soil pH, C-organic, N-total, P-available, K-exchangeable (K-exc), and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC). The results of the study showed that the chemical properties of the soil have the same criteria between unburned and burned land, namely: C-organic value and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC). The N-total and K- exchangeable (K-exc) values are higher in unburned land compared to burned land. While the P-available and soil pH values are lower in unburned land compared to burned land. Alternative directions for rehabilitating pre-burn and post-burn forests and land, prioritized by: (1) Vegetative Method: Selecting types of plants that grow quickly and are tolerant of high acidity such as Jabon, Mahogany, Acacia, Eucalyptus, Pulai, Sungkai, and Pine. To increase soil pH and fertility in Ultisol soil, dolomite and organic fertilizer are given: manure and compost and inorganic fertilizer (NPK fertilizer) before planting; (2) Civil Technical Method: Building water reservoirs, fire breaks and land management without burning; (3) Non-Technical Method: Socialization, counseling and increasing the role of the community in forest and land fires, as well as training and simulations for forest and land fire management.